{"id":8991,"date":"2020-07-02T16:19:52","date_gmt":"2020-07-02T15:19:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/?p=8991"},"modified":"2020-07-02T16:19:52","modified_gmt":"2020-07-02T15:19:52","slug":"francais-lusine-intelligente-cest-deja-maintenant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/2020\/07\/02\/francais-lusine-intelligente-cest-deja-maintenant\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019Usine intelligente, c\u2019est d\u00e9j\u00e0 maintenant"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section bb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; inner_width=\u00a0\u00bbauto\u00a0\u00bb inner_max_width=\u00a0\u00bb1080px\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; custom_padding__hover=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8&Prime; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0px\u00a0\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00a0\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&Prime; 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horizontal_offset_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime; z_index_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb0&Prime;]<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Introduction<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-8993\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends.png\" alt=\"Usine intelligente - Google Trends\" width=\"1143\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends.png 1143w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends-300x101.png 300w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends-1024x344.png 1024w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends-768x258.png 768w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends-1080x363.png 1080w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends-980x329.png 980w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends-480x161.png 480w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Usine-intelligente-Google-Trends-560x188.png 560w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1143px) 100vw, 1143px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/trends.google.com\/trends\/explore?date=all&amp;q=%22smart%20factory%22\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Source<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat pour l\u2019usine intelligente va croissant depuis environ 2013, les r\u00e9alisations dans ce domaine paraissent in\u00e9gales. Les succ\u00e8s semblent c\u00f4toyer les \u00e9checs, donnant de loin une impression diffuse d\u2019h\u00e9sitation et de lenteur. Mais en y regardant de plus pr\u00e8s, le tableau change. Un certain nombre de signaux indiquent que l\u2019usine intelligente est d\u00e9j\u00e0 une r\u00e9alit\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les composantes de l\u2019usine intelligente<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rendre une usine, ou plus g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement un actif industriel intelligent, c\u2019est ajouter :\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Des capteurs, associ\u00e9s aux actifs industriels existants, \u00e9ventuellement sous forme de drones ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">De nouveaux types d\u2019actifs industriels, dont <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/2020\/07\/01\/francais-impression-3d-un-second-souffle-pour-les-annees-2020\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l\u2019impression 3D<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La connexion des actifs industriels au cloud digital ;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les techniques d\u2019IA pour d\u00e9velopper des applications, notamment de maintenance pr\u00e9dictive et de cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019usine intelligente est le terme vers lequel tend <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/2017\/06\/06\/francais-genealogie-de-lindustrie-4-0\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">l\u2019industrie 4.0<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un secteur en avance sur l\u2019usine intelligente : l\u2019oil &amp; gas<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019oil and gas est un secteur qui a depuis quelques ann\u00e9es engag\u00e9 sa transformation digitale, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/fQZG9y8Z0G4?t=303\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">comme l\u2019a rappel\u00e9 Nathalie Brunelle lors de DYSTOPIA 2019<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, notamment \u00e0 propos du projet du projet Total\/Tata de raffinerie 4.0. Le d\u00e9terminant de cette transformation, qui est encore en cours, r\u00e9side dans la r\u00e9duction des co\u00fbts de maintenance des infrastructures massivement dot\u00e9es de capteurs. Dans ce secteur, la killer app de l\u2019usine intelligente est donc toute trouv\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Absence de killer app g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, pour le moment<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En revanche, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/2018\/07\/05\/francais-la-naissance-de-la-strategie-de-plateforme-a-partir-de-lesprit-de-la-killer-app\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nous avons d\u00e9j\u00e0 not\u00e9 par le pass\u00e9<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> qu\u2019il n\u2019y a pas pour le moment de killer app g\u00e9n\u00e9rale qui d\u00e9terminerait \u00e0 elle seule l\u2019adoption de l\u2019usine intelligente dans tous les secteurs. Mais peut-\u00eatre que cette opinion serait \u00e0 nuancer. Le frein r\u00e9side-t-il dans l\u2019absence de killer app, ou plut\u00f4t dans l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de d\u00e9velopper des applications de type usine intelligente mais sans passer par une plateforme externe\u00a0? Sachant que les deux facteurs peuvent se conjuguer : r\u00e9ticence \u00e0 partager les donn\u00e9es, et gain de performance insuffisant pour surmonter cette r\u00e9ticence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conjecture : Tesla sera le premier constructeur automobile \u00e0 disposer d\u2019une usine intelligente\u2026 \u00e0 Shanghai<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il est apparent <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/2018\/07\/05\/francais-tesla-ca-passe-ou-ca-casse\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">depuis longtemps<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> que Tesla a pour objectif de r\u00e9volutionner la construction automobile, m\u00eame si on l\u2019oublie parfois. L\u2019affaire de Tesla n\u2019est pas seulement de produire des voitures, des batteries et des panneaux solaires, mais aussi de produire les usines du futur d\u2019o\u00f9 sortira la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique. C\u2019est en tout cas le credo d\u2019Elon Musk, qui estime que la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique exigera de b\u00e2tir cent gigafactories.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La route vers l\u2019usine intelligente n\u2019est cependant pas facile pour Tesla. Le d\u00e9fi de l\u2019automatisation a d\u00fb \u00eatre mis entre parenth\u00e8ses un moment afin d\u2019atteindre les objectifs de production \u00e0 court terme. Ces difficult\u00e9s ont atteint un sommet au cours de l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 2018. Cependant l\u2019objectif a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 pour Elon Musk de construire des usines qui soient des \u201ccuirassiers extraterrestres\u201d (alien dreadnoughts). Et les chiffres de production de la nouvelle Gigafactory de Shanghai sugg\u00e8rent que Musk se rapproche \u00e0 grands pas de cet objectif. Giga Shanghai produit d\u00e9j\u00e0 plus de 3000 Model 3 par semaine. Les extensions pour produire la Model Y sont en cours de construction. L\u2019objectif d\u2019ici 2021 est de produire 250k v\u00e9hicules par an, ce qui placerait Tesla au niveau du standard de production des grands constructeurs \u00e9tablis. Et ce, avec une part croissante des composantes fabriqu\u00e9es en Chine. Dans cette m\u00eame perspective, il sera passionnant de suivre le destin de la gigafactory de Berlin-Brandenburg.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conclusion : l\u2019usine intelligente, une r\u00e9alit\u00e9 in\u00e9galement distribu\u00e9e<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019usine intelligente, ce n\u2019est pas demain, c\u2019est d\u00e9j\u00e0 une r\u00e9alit\u00e9 maintenant. Mais une r\u00e9alit\u00e9 in\u00e9galement distribu\u00e9e. Prochaine question : et vous, o\u00f9 en \u00eates-vous ? Nous posons la question parce que le m\u00e9tier de Presans consiste de plus en plus \u00e0 mettre en place des synergies entre diff\u00e9rents secteurs ou acteurs industriels. Pour cela, nous avons besoin d\u2019en savoir plus sur vous, et sur o\u00f9 vous en \u00eates dans votre adoption des nouvelles technologies. Cela nous permettra de vous aider pour mettre en place une <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/presans.com\/what-we-do\/?tab=synergy_factory#form\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Synergy Factory<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sur ce th\u00e8me.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Si l\u2019usine intelligente reste un th\u00e8me technologique majeur, la route qui m\u00e8ne vers elle n\u2019est pas facile. O\u00f9 en sont les diff\u00e9rents secteurs industriels sur ce plan ?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":8996,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[848,853,1203,1530,1628,1650,1701],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8991"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8991"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8991\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8991"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8991"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}