{"id":3704,"date":"2017-02-21T16:46:09","date_gmt":"2017-02-21T15:46:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/open-organization.com\/?p=3704"},"modified":"2017-02-21T16:46:09","modified_gmt":"2017-02-21T15:46:09","slug":"innovation-waves-associated-with-invention-and-discovery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/2017\/02\/21\/innovation-waves-associated-with-invention-and-discovery\/","title":{"rendered":"(English) Innovation Waves Associated With Invention and Discovery"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"qtranxs-available-languages-message qtranxs-available-languages-message-fr\">D\u00e9sol\u00e9, cet article est seulement disponible en <a href=\"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3704\" class=\"qtranxs-available-language-link qtranxs-available-language-link-en\" title=\"English\">English<\/a>. Pour le confort de l\u2019utilisateur, le contenu est affich\u00e9 ci-dessous dans une autre langue. Vous pouvez cliquer le lien pour changer de langue active.<\/p><p>[et_pb_section bb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime;][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime;][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.2.1&Prime;]<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><em><span class=\"s1\">This article is the first of a new series of 5 articles about<\/span><span class=\"s1\">\u00a0Innovation Waves. It introduces the topic with\u00a0Innovation Waves Associated With Invention and Discovery.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Looking at innovation from a historical perspective reveals that the long series of innovative products generated by the industrial world have come in a progression of waves, with each wave originating from an invention or a discovery. The following are a few examples of inventions and discoveries that have changed drastically the world in which we live today:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Liquid-crystal display (LCD) technology (including electro-optics), first a scientific discovery then the basis for products such as flat-panel LCD displays and LCD projectors<\/li>\n<li>Signal compression, first as mathematical algorithms then the basis for products such as music files (MP3), image files (JPEG), high-definition TV (HDTV)<\/li>\n<li>The Internet first as a means of global communication then the basis for products and services such as data mining, networking, online businesses<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>After its birth, an invention or discovery is known initially only within a small community. Gradually, applications are found. Eventually the spread of knowledge gains momentum, triggering many development initiatives. After a lag time which can vary widely depending on the technology, the invention or discovery deeply affects the industry sectors in which it can provide direct benefit. At that point, many innovation projects are taking place in a competitive atmosphere. The invention or discovery reaches its maximum penetration rate when the related patent filings peak. Penetration then continues, at a slower rate, as the invention or discovery spreads to adjacent industrial fields for which the benefit is more indirect.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3705\" style=\"width: 403px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3705\" class=\"wp-image-3705\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate.jpg\" alt=\"US patent rate. This chart shows the rate at which the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has granted patents each year since its creation. Significant key events contributing to waves of innovation are indicated.\" width=\"393\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate.jpg 1385w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate-300x188.jpg 300w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate-1024x643.jpg 1024w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate-768x482.jpg 768w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate-400x250.jpg 400w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate-1080x678.jpg 1080w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate-1280x804.jpg 1280w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate-980x616.jpg 980w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate-480x302.jpg 480w, \/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate-560x352.jpg 560w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3705\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">US patent rate. This chart shows the rate at which the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has granted patents each year since its creation. Significant key events contributing to waves of innovation are indicated.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The figure on the right\u00a0displays the rate at which the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has granted patents each year since its creation in 1836. Note the sharp growth in the past thirty years and notice that World War I and World War II each had less effect on the patent rate than did the Great Depression or the drastic policy change in U.S. jurisprudence in 1982. In the figure we have also noted the approximate innovation wave peaks associated with several key inventions and discoveries. One of the champions of these was electricity, which experienced decades of lag time because its application had to wait for shops and homes to connect to the grid, which was a slow but impressive tsunami. Today\u2019s digital wave seems to promise a similar reshaping of the economic landscape. In contrast to slow but massive waves, we have also experienced a rapid mini-wave associated with giant magnetoresistance. An explanation of the physical effect of giant magnetoresistance was first published in 1988. Its key application, thin-film heads for hard disks, was marketed by IBM in 1997\u2014this period from 1988 to 1997 was probably one of the shortest lag times ever. Giant magnetoresistance is also now applied to some MEMS.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Innovation-Intelligence-Commoditization-Digitalization-Acceleration\/dp\/1326125826\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2612 alignright\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/innovation-intelligence-amazon.png\" alt=\"innovation-intelligence-amazon\" width=\"203\" height=\"169\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p><em>This article was initially\u00a0published in the book <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Innovation-Intelligence-Commoditization-Digitalization-Acceleration\/dp\/1326125826\">Innovation Intelligence<\/a>\u00a0(2015). It is the fourth\u00a0section of the third chapter.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_cta _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.2.1&Prime; title=\u00a0\u00bbFrom decision to action\u00a0\u00bb button_text=\u00a0\u00bbGIVE IT A TRY\u00a0\u00bb button_url=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/presans.com\/sofia\/conciergerie\/ask\u00a0\u00bb url_new_window=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb background_image=\u00a0\u00bb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/network-3405342_1280.jpg\u00a0\u00bb body_font=\u00a0\u00bb|800|||||||\u00a0\u00bb custom_button=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb button_text_size=\u00a0\u00bb17&Prime; button_bg_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb button_font=\u00a0\u00bb|800||on|||||\u00a0\u00bb button_icon=\u00a0\u00bb%%40%%\u00a0\u00bb header_font=\u00a0\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00a0\u00bb header_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb25&Prime; button_border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb|60px||60px\u00a0\u00bb button_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#182954&Prime; saved_tabs=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb global_module=\u00a0\u00bb6636&Prime;]<\/p>\n<p>The Conciergerie helps you engage on demand top level experts for industrial innovation<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_cta][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00e9sol\u00e9, cet article est seulement disponible en English. Pour le confort de l\u2019utilisateur, le contenu est affich\u00e9 ci-dessous dans une autre langue. Vous pouvez cliquer le lien pour changer de langue active.<div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row_empty\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> This article is the first of a new series of 5 articles about\u00a0Innovation Waves. It introduces the topic with\u00a0Innovation Waves Associated With Invention [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":3711,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"<p class=\"p1\"><em><span class=\"s1\">This article is the first of a new series of 5 articles about<\/span><span class=\"s1\">\u00a0Innovation Waves. It introduces the topic with\u00a0Innovation Waves Associated With Invention and Discovery.<\/span><\/em><\/p><p>Looking at innovation from a historical perspective reveals that the long series of innovative products generated by the industrial world have come in a progression of waves, with each wave originating from an invention or a discovery. The following are a few examples of inventions and discoveries that have changed drastically the world in which we live today:<\/p><ul><li>Liquid-crystal display (LCD) technology (including electro-optics), first a scientific discovery then the basis for products such as flat-panel LCD displays and LCD projectors<\/li><li>Signal compression, first as mathematical algorithms then the basis for products such as music files (MP3), image files (JPEG), high-definition TV (HDTV)<\/li><li>The Internet first as a means of global communication then the basis for products and services such as data mining, networking, online businesses<\/li><\/ul><p>After its birth, an invention or discovery is known initially only within a small community. Gradually, applications are found. Eventually the spread of knowledge gains momentum, triggering many development initiatives. After a lag time which can vary widely depending on the technology, the invention or discovery deeply affects the industry sectors in which it can provide direct benefit. At that point, many innovation projects are taking place in a competitive atmosphere. The invention or discovery reaches its maximum penetration rate when the related patent filings peak. Penetration then continues, at a slower rate, as the invention or discovery spreads to adjacent industrial fields for which the benefit is more indirect.<\/p>[caption id=\"attachment_3705\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"393\"]<a href=\"http:\/\/open-organization.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate.jpg\"><img class=\"wp-image-3705\" src=\"http:\/\/open-organization.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/12_patent_rate.jpg\" alt=\"US patent rate. This chart shows the rate at which the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has granted patents each year since its creation. Significant key events contributing to waves of innovation are indicated.\" width=\"393\" height=\"247\" \/><\/a> US patent rate. This chart shows the rate at which the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office has granted patents each year since its creation. Significant key events contributing to waves of innovation are indicated.[\/caption]<p>The figure on the right\u00a0displays the rate at which the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has granted patents each year since its creation in 1836. Note the sharp growth in the past thirty years and notice that World War I and World War II each had less effect on the patent rate than did the Great Depression or the drastic policy change in U.S. jurisprudence in 1982. In the figure we have also noted the approximate innovation wave peaks associated with several key inventions and discoveries. One of the champions of these was electricity, which experienced decades of lag time because its application had to wait for shops and homes to connect to the grid, which was a slow but impressive tsunami. Today\u2019s digital wave seems to promise a similar reshaping of the economic landscape. In contrast to slow but massive waves, we have also experienced a rapid mini-wave associated with giant magnetoresistance. An explanation of the physical effect of giant magnetoresistance was first published in 1988. Its key application, thin-film heads for hard disks, was marketed by IBM in 1997\u2014this period from 1988 to 1997 was probably one of the shortest lag times ever. Giant magnetoresistance is also now applied to some MEMS.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Innovation-Intelligence-Commoditization-Digitalization-Acceleration\/dp\/1326125826\"><img class=\"wp-image-2612 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/open-organization.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/innovation-intelligence-amazon.png\" alt=\"innovation-intelligence-amazon\" width=\"203\" height=\"169\" \/><\/a><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p><p><em>This article was initially\u00a0published in the book <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.fr\/Innovation-Intelligence-Commoditization-Digitalization-Acceleration\/dp\/1326125826\">Innovation Intelligence<\/a>\u00a0(2015). It is the fourth\u00a0section of the third chapter.<\/em><\/p>","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[469,861,907,1270,1654,1740],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3704"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3704"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3704\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3711"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3704"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3704"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3704"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}