{"id":6794,"date":"2018-02-01T15:59:09","date_gmt":"2018-02-01T14:59:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/int.open-organization.com\/?p=5178"},"modified":"2018-02-01T15:59:09","modified_gmt":"2018-02-01T14:59:09","slug":"francais-cinq-apercus-rapides-sur-limpression-3d-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/2018\/02\/01\/francais-cinq-apercus-rapides-sur-limpression-3d-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Five quick insights on 3D Printing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section bb_built=&#8221;1&#8243;][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;3.14&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>This <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=5L4Cf-hd-iw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">technological note on 3D printing and additive manufacturing<\/a> summarizes what our Fellows have noticed as a result of their participation in <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>Presans Platform missions.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>1. 3D printing is a form of additive manufacturing<\/h4>\n<p>3D printing is a technology whose development began some thirty years ago. Its advantage lies in the ability to manufacture using a computer file loaded remotely.<\/p>\n<p>Its initial use was to a large extent restricted to rapid prototyping, but we are now starting to see industrial production applications.<\/p>\n<p>Industrial additive manufacturing makes it possible to manufacture a product by adding material, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing (sculpture, machining), which is more common. It can be said that masonry is an additive manufacturing technique, but the expression is now reserved for cases where the manufacturing machine is directly interfaced with a computer that provides the manufacturing plan in digital form.<\/p>\n<h4>2. Additive manufacturing techniques will one day make it possible to combine different materials.<\/h4>\n<p>Today, this is not the case. Additive manufacturing is restricted to products made from a single family of materials, polymers or metals in most cases.<\/p>\n<p>However, multimaterial additive manufacturing techniques will undoubtedly exist in the future, capable of printing, for example, complete electronic systems, or even vital organs and foods.<\/p>\n<h4>3. The use of 3D printing by end-users is fraught with security concerns.<\/h4>\n<p>The most spectacular aspect of additive manufacturing is in a B-to-C (or C-to-C) use, as it allows an individual to become a micro-manufacturer for his or her own needs.<\/p>\n<p>The advantage of the decentralization of 3D printing is also a source of problems, as security problems, because it becomes possible for an individual to print a gun for example.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, 3D printing isn&#8217;t suited for everything, far from it. Customizing a pair of shoes: sure. Printing a plastic basin: no.<\/p>\n<p>At least one of the Fellows Presans has an additive manufacturing machine in his home. But will you guess which one?<\/p>\n<h4>4. Some sectors will make a lot of use of 3D printing.<\/h4>\n<p>These include aeronautics, automotive, and medicine. The first because the parts are to be produced in a relatively limited numbers, the second because it is necessary to produce spare parts for an abundance of different models, and the third for the production of prostheses.<\/p>\n<h4>5. The impact of additive manufacturing technologies on industrial production are multiple and profound.<\/h4>\n<p>Additive manufacturing technologies induce changes in the supply chain and make us rethink what constitutes the competitive advantage of an industrial enterprise (so far the aim has been to invent and control the supply chains needed to manufacture the invented product).<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, these technologies are disruptive to the current model of industrial property. In this respect, we must expect changes similar to those in the music industry.<\/p>\n<p>Relationships between suppliers and customers will become smoother, with production plans becoming easier to edit.<\/p>\n<p>Compared to today&#8217;s situation where the product is manufactured at the manufacturer \/ supplier before being shipped to the customer \/ user, we should expect new models, such as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Manufacturing at the customer \/ user site where, for example, the supplier would install additive manufacturing equipment and where the products would be made on demand.<\/li>\n<li>The development of 3D printing hubs, where customers \/ users would get their products printed on the basis of their own design, or that of the designer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Many other models are possible. There will probably be room for many of them in parallel, depending on the nature of the activity and the type of relationship between supplier and customer.<\/p>\n<pre><\/pre>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_post_nav _builder_version=&#8221;3.14&#8243; prev_text=&#8221;Previous article&#8221; next_text=&#8221;Next article&#8221; in_same_term=&#8221;on&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#3d59a1&#8243; title_font=&#8221;|800|||||||&#8221; title_text_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; title_font_size=&#8221;15px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;10px|10px|10px|10px&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|5px|5px|5px|5px&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#3d59a1&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;30px|||&#8221; global_module=&#8221;8506&#8243; \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This fact sheet on additive manufacturing summarizes important facts that our Fellows have noticed as a result of their participation in Presans Platform missions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":177,"featured_media":6795,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"<h6>Cette fiche technologique sur la fabrication additive synth\u00e9tise quelques faits jug\u00e9s significatifs par nos Fellows dans le cadre de l'activit\u00e9 Presans Platform.<\/h6><p>\u00a0<\/p><h4>1. L'impression 3D est un cas de fabrication additive, tout comme la ma\u00e7onnerie.<\/h4><p>L'impression 3D est une technologie dont le d\u00e9veloppement a commenc\u00e9 il y a une trentaine d'ann\u00e9es. Son avantage r\u00e9side dans la possibilit\u00e9 de fabriquer de fa\u00e7on d\u00e9localis\u00e9e \u00e0 partir d\u2019un fichier informatique charg\u00e9 \u00e0 distance.<\/p><p>Son usage initial s'inscrit dans le cadre du prototypage rapide, mais on commence aujourd\u2019hui \u00e0 produire industriellement des pi\u00e8ces.<\/p><p>La fabrication additive industrielle permet de fabriquer un produit par ajout de mati\u00e8re, en opposition avec la fabrication soustractive (sculpture, usinage), plus courante. On peut ainsi dire que la ma\u00e7onnerie est une technique de fabrication additive, mais l\u2019expression est maintenant r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux cas o\u00f9 la machine de fabrication est directement interfac\u00e9e \u00e0 un ordinateur qui lui fournit le plan de fabrication sous forme num\u00e9rique.<\/p><h4>2. Les techniques de fabrication additive permettront un jour de combiner des mat\u00e9riaux diff\u00e9rents.<\/h4><p>Aujourd\u2019hui, ce n\u2019est pas le cas. La fabrication additive est r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux produits faits d\u2019une seule famille de mat\u00e9riaux, polym\u00e8res ou m\u00e9taux dans la plupart des cas.<\/p><p>Mais, des techniques de fabrication additive multimat\u00e9riaux existeront sans doute dans l\u2019avenir, capables d'imprimer par exemple des syst\u00e8mes \u00e9lectroniques complets, ou encore des organes vitaux et des aliments.<\/p><h4>3. L'utilisation de l'impression 3D par des consommateurs finaux se heurte \u00e0 des facteurs de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/h4><p>L\u2019aspect le plus spectaculaire de la fabrication additive est dans une utilisation B-to-C (ou C-to-C), car elle permet \u00e0 un particulier de devenir micro-fabricant pour ses propres besoins.<\/p><p>L'avantage de la d\u00e9centralisation de l'impression 3D est aussi une source de probl\u00e8mes, comme les probl\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, car il devient possible \u00e0 un particulier d'imprimer une arme \u00e0 feu par exemple..<\/p><p>Enfin, tout ne rel\u00e8ve pas de l'impression 3D, loin de l\u00e0. Customiser une paire de chaussures, pourquoi pas. Imprimer une bassine en plastique, non.<\/p><p>Au moins l'un des Fellows Presans poss\u00e8de chez lui une machine de fabrication additive. Mais saurez-vous deviner lequel ?<\/p><h4>4. Certains secteurs feront beaucoup usage de l'impression 3D.<\/h4><p>Il s'agit notamment de l'a\u00e9ronautique, de l'automobile, et de la m\u00e9decine. Le premier, car les pi\u00e8ces sont \u00e0 produire en nombre relativement limit\u00e9, le deuxi\u00e8me car il faut produire des pi\u00e8ces d\u00e9tach\u00e9es pour une abondance de mod\u00e8les diff\u00e9rents, et le troisi\u00e8me pour la production de proth\u00e8ses.<\/p><h4>5. Les impacts des technologies de fabrication additive sur l'industrie sont multiples et profonds.<\/h4><p>Les technologies de fabrication additive induisent des changements dans la cha\u00eene d'approvisionnement et vont jusqu\u2019\u00e0 remettre en question ce qui constitue l'avantage concurrentiel d'une entreprise industrielle (jusqu'ici, le but \u00e9tait d'inventer et de ma\u00eetriser les cha\u00eenes d'approvisionnement n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la fabrication du produit invent\u00e9).<\/p><p>Par ailleurs, ces technologies sont disruptives pour le mod\u00e8le actuel de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 industrielle. Il faut s'attendre sous ce rapport \u00e0 des changements semblables \u00e0 ceux dans l'industrie musicale.<\/p><p>Les relations entre fournisseurs et clients deviendront plus fluides, avec une plus grande facilit\u00e9 pour modifier des plans.<\/p><p>Par rapport \u00e0 la situation d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui o\u00f9 le produit est fabriqu\u00e9 chez le fabricant\/fournisseur avant d\u2019\u00eatre exp\u00e9di\u00e9 chez le client\/utilisateur, il faut s\u2019attendre \u00e0 l\u2019apparition de nouveaux mod\u00e8les, comme par exemple :<\/p><p>La fabrication chez le client\/utilisateur o\u00f9, par exemple, le fournisseur installerait des \u00e9quipements de fabrication additive et o\u00f9 les produits seraient fabriqu\u00e9s \u00e0 la demande.<br \/>Le d\u00e9veloppement de hubs d\u2019impression 3D, o\u00f9 les clients\/utilisateurs obtiendraient leurs produits imprim\u00e9s sur la base de leur propre conception, ou bien de celle du concepteur.<br \/>Bien d\u2019autres mod\u00e8les sont envisageables. Il y aura probablement la place pour plusieurs d\u2019entre eux en parall\u00e8le, en fonction de la nature de l\u2019activit\u00e9 et du type de relation entre fournisseur et client.<\/p><p>Pour aller plus loin (beaucoup plus loin...) et solliciter l'avis de nos Fellows et de nos experts autour du th\u00e8me technologique de la fabrication additive :<\/p><p><a class=\"big_orange_button\" href=\"https:\/\/presans.com\/sofia\/conciergerie\/ask\">RDV sur la Conciergerie Presans pour obtenir une expertise rapide!<\/a><\/p><p><a class=\"big_blue_button\" href=\"mailto: contact@presans.com\">Prenez contact avec nous pour vos besoins d'expertise complexe!<\/a><\/p>","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[12,32,621,832],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6794"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/177"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6794"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6794\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6794"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6794"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/open-organization.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}